Reinforced concrete structures were a real breakthrough in the 19th century. Now almost all construction projects are being built with their help. At the moment, about two billion cubic meters of concrete products are produced every day in the world. Without them, the construction of offices, high-rise buildings, and industrial buildings are impossible.
Reinforced concrete structures allow you to quickly and with minimal financial costs to build houses of varying degrees of complexity. In essence, concrete goods are reinforcement filled with cement mortar.
REINFORCED CONCRETE CHARACTERISTICS
Concrete is very durable. This allows the construction of buildings with long service life. In addition, it can withstand temperature changes well. Other useful characteristics of this material include
frost resistance
high density
waterproofness
fire resistance.
The compressive strength of concrete is 10–20 times greater than that of tension. This parameter largely depends on the sand and gravel used. The quality of the cement plays a major role. It is the cement that determines how strong the composition will be. Pouring with concrete helps to protect the reinforcement from corrosion.
Buildings made of this material are durable and resistant. The quality of the material is greatly influenced by porosity, namely the ratio of pores to the total volume.
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Density is the ratio of the mass of concrete to its volume. The higher this characteristic, the more durable the reinforced concrete structure will be. Due to its high density, concrete resists compression well.
Regardless of the thickness of the reinforced concrete structure, it can effectively transfer heat flux. The thermal conductivity of concrete is 50 times less than that of steel but much higher than that of bricks. The result of the low thermal conductivity of reinforced concrete structures is their fire resistance. Due to this, this material is also used in the arrangement of industrial workshops, where you have to work with high temperatures.
WHAT IS REINFORCEMENT
Reinforcement allows you to create reinforced concrete structures for centuries.
The best example in this context would be building a solid, durable floor. In the process of work, a screed is carried out on a metal basis. The concrete floor is of the following types:
bulk;
resting on the ground or slabs;
screed with a layer of thermal insulation;
screed based on floor slabs
In addition to increasing the strength of a reinforced concrete structure, reinforcement can reduce concrete costs. In the process of work, materials such as:
reinforcement cage,
fiberglass mesh,
wire mesh,
welded mesh with cells,
polymer mesh,
fiberglass.
A wide selection makes it possible to choose the best option for creating a high-quality and durable reinforced concrete structure.
TYPES OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
They can be classified according to many parameters. Over 150 years of continuous improvement, many methods have been invented for creating reinforced concrete structures using different technologies and types of concrete.
PRECAST CONCRETE STRUCTURES
They are produced at the construction site from pre-prepared elements. At the same time, they are created at specialized enterprises that have the necessary equipment and a high level of labor automation. This allows for cost savings and maximum productivity.
At one time, the creation of these structures had an extremely positive impact on the general industrialization and mechanization of the construction sector. Prefabricated reinforced concrete structures make it possible to erect buildings in any weather conditions. It is possible to carry out construction in winter and summer, in rain, wind, and heat.
Nevertheless, prefabricated reinforced concrete structures have one significant drawback, namely, high labor intensity. In addition, the creation of joints has a high metal consumption and the corresponding cost.
MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
These products are created directly on the construction site by placing concrete in the formwork. As a result of reducing the cost of MZhK can be achieved by reducing the cost of concrete, reinforcement, formwork materials, and labor costs.
The main advantage of Monolithic structures is their spatial integrity. If we take professional terminology, then this is high static uncertainty. Due to this, monolithic structures have low material consumption.
These products allow you to build objects using different types of formwork, including:
non-removable,
mobile,
panel board,
block.
Also, when creating monolithic reinforced concrete structures, large blocks of reinforcement and spatial reinforced frames are used. Also, this technology allows you to establish a mechanized supply and placement of concrete.
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There are a number of structures that are created only with the help of MZhK, these include:
swimming pools,
foundations,
structures with powerful dynamic loads.
In each of the above options, the use of monolithic reinforced concrete structures is economically beneficial. Despite its serious advantages, this technology has its drawbacks, including:
time-consuming formwork;
seasonality of work;
construction time largely depends on the rate of solidification of the mixture.
Work with monolithic reinforced concrete structures is carried out only in the warm season. To speed up the process, special grades of cement are used, which harden extremely quickly.
PRECAST MONOLITHIC REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
This is a whole complex of elements. According to this technology, precast and monolithic reinforced concrete are stacked together.
The main role in this technology is played by the quality of adhesion of precast elements with monolithic ones. To achieve the desired result, prefabricated structures can be of different shapes and sizes. In complexes of this kind, prestressed and non-prestressing reinforcement can be used. It all depends on the specific situation and the purpose of the object.
If the surface of precast-monolithic reinforced concrete structures has a high level of roughness, then you can do without dowels. In places where prefabricated elements are in contact with concrete, the release of transverse reinforcement is provided. Anchoring is additionally laid in in-situ concrete.
Important ! Precast concrete in these structures is formwork for a monolithic component.
Precast monolithic reinforced concrete structures combine the advantages of both previous types. They are very economical and allow you to build buildings using modern methods quickly and efficiently.
Important ! Monolithic reinforced concrete guarantees high spatial rigidity. This reduces the consumption of materials.
Lightweight and cellular concrete are widely used in monolithic elements. The use of artificial porous aggregates is allowed. Because of this, the specific weight of the structure is significantly reduced.
OUTCOME
In modern construction, all types of reinforced concrete structures are used, depending on their specific advantages. The main thing is to comply with all building rules and regulations, which guarantee the safety and durability of the building.
Read: What is Cement Mortar?
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